Voltaire s Candide And 17th Century - 1983 Words

Candide and 18th Century According to James Schmidt s article Civility, Enlightenment, and Society: Conceptual Confessions of Kantian Remedies, The Enlightenment is routinely characterized as embracing a conception of reason that is held to be insufficiently sensitive to its own limits (Schmidt 421). The term enlighten means to clarify or clear things up, the majority of the time a person would give a reason to enlighten a situation. The Enlightenment period focused majorly on reasoning and purpose, therefore it was also known as the Age of Reason. The name of the Enlightenment period is misleading, a person may think that it was times of happiness, joy, and understanding, conversely, it was a horrid time . Voltaire wrote one of his†¦show more content†¦Ordinarily, they even wanted to punish Candide for simply believing in what Pangloss said. This was very typical during the Enlightenment period. You would not find this type of behavior in the 21st century. A truly religious person would never sentence a human being to this kind of punishment, this is another reason why there is religious hypocrisy in the story. Along with religious hypocrisy, there was a lot of corruption in religion. When the Old Woman was telling her story she revealed that she was, in fact, the daughter of a pope. Therefore, this shows how corrupted the Catholic religion was. When Candide is homeless and looking for some food, he ran into an orator and this was their conversation, - Look here, friend, said the orator, do you think the Pope is Antichrist? -I haven t considered the matter, said Candide; but whether he is or not, I m in need of bread. -You don t deserve any said the other; away with you, you rascal, you rogue, never come near me as long as you live (Voltaire 104). passage above is a great example of how the religious characters in the story are hypocritical. The orator had just preached about charity and now he will not even give some bread to the needy, this is being a hypocrite. In the article Enlightenment as Religion William Rash states that Christ has banished from the civilized, worldly realm (Rasch 110). Even though they may seem to be a religious leader does not mean they live their life religiously.Show MoreRelatedThe Candide : An Era Of Enlightenment Philosopher Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesFranà §ois-Marie Arouet, also known as Voltaire after his writings exiled him from france, was an Era of Enlightenment philosopher that focused on social oppression, Government corruption, and fanaticism; i.e, optimistic philosophy and religion. Voltaire s writing style was indignantly satirical to the late midd le ages system, but despite exile from France because of his writing, he became popular among the masses for his philosophy. Candide, one of Voltaire s more famous works, expresses lack ofRead MoreCandide : A Reflection Of The Enlightenment1325 Words   |  6 Pages Candide: A Reflection of the Enlightenment Francois-Marie Arouet, otherwise known as Voltaire was an 18th century French philosopher and writer during the Enlightenment period. Voltaire’s most famous work of literature; Candide follows a young man who grows up in a Baron’s castle (Castle Thunder-ten-tronckh), under the instruction of Dr. Pangloss, a tutor and philosopher who worships optimism even under extreme circumstances. Throughout Voltaire’s novel, Candide and his companions encounter aRead MoreThe And Philosophical Movement Of Voltaire s Candide1641 Words   |  7 PagesSpreading rapidly in the 17th century, the Age of Reason changed the way people understood and interpreted their thoughts. The Enlightenment advocated for truth, to free the human mind from superstition and religious authoritarianism. People began to reflect on themselves rather than relying on the church. Voltaire was a writer and philosopher, who played an important role by incorporating themes of The Enlightenment into one of his famous novels, â€Å"Candide† to spread ideas. Themes including religionRead MoreNegative Effects Of The Enlightenment1356 Words   |  6 PagesThe Enlightenment of the eighteenth century finalized the movement toward contemporaneousness that began with the writers and philosophers of the Renaissance age. The scholars and writers, or philosophes as they were called, of the Enlightenment Age seized these teachings and ideologies and used them to criticize and attack the medieval ruling establishment and to unseat the religious ruling class from their vaulted theological perch. This criticism of the theological sect loosened religions gripRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesand moral growth of the protagonist from youth to adulthood (coming of age),[3] in which character change is extremely important.[4][5] Contents [hide] 1 Origin 2 Plot outline 3 Examples 3.1 Precursors 3.2 17th century 3.3 18th century 3.4 19th century 3.5 20th century 3.6 21st century 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 Further reading 9 External links Origin[edit] The term was coined in 1819 by philologist Karl Morgenstern in his university lectures, and later famously reprised

The Psychological Connection to Oedipus the King - 1387 Words

Poet and Scholar Robert Graves wrote in 1995, â€Å"Myth has two main functions. The first is to answer the sort of awkward questions that children ask, such as ‘Who made the world? How will it end? Who was the first man? Where do souls go after death?’†¦The second function of myth is to justify an existing social system and account for traditional rites and customs.† Oedipus the King written by Sophocles in 430 B.C. focuses around the second function that Graves noted. The play has been around for centuries, has evoked psychological theories, and will remain a classic. Sophocles has managed to touch on social, ethical, psychology, and more importantly philosophical issues in one play. Perhaps one of the most popularly known psychologist,†¦show more content†¦It is a feeling of helplessness which many people can relate to. The other side of the story being, Oedipus chose to pursue the details of the prophecy and finding answers despite his many warni ngs. Clinical psychologist and author Suzie Naiburg writes, Classical tragedy problematizes human agency by maintaining a dialectical tension between fate and character(28). Regardless of which end you agree with, there are direct ties to everyday human emotions. And then the story becomes more person, a question of what if it were me? And that is where the reader starts psychoanalyzing the characters and scenarios. Sophocles was able to turn the piece into a psychological drama. Anders Zachrisson analyzes it further writing, The story of Oedipus is part of ancient Greek mythology. Freud chose Oedipus as a metaphor for the passionate relationships in the family because he could observe cognate dynamics in his patients - and his own - dreams and in the myth. The myth, in Freuds view, expresses a kind of proto-knowledge over family dynamics. He wrote:... the legend of Oedipus sprang from the same primaeval dream-material which had as its content the distressing disturbance of a childs relation to his parents owing to the first stirrings of sexuality. Despite societys progression, there is still a small presence of taboo when it comes to the topic of sex. And even greater taboo, one that evokes shame and disgust is incest. Sophocles makes all of these emotions presentShow MoreRelatedThe Mythology Of The Greek Mythology1438 Words   |  6 Pagesand also a theory which explains human behavior. In his studies he proposed that the psychological development of children occurs in five stages. One of those stages being the Phallic Stage, which is when â€Å"preschoolers take pleasure in their genitals and, according to Freud, begin to struggle with sexual desires toward the opposite sex parent (boys to mothers and girls to fathers). For boys, this is called the Oedipus complex, involving a boy s desire for his mother and his urge to replace his fatherRead MoreTragic Hero1598 Words   |  7 Pagesplots arise when his downfall is the inevitable consequence of some def ect in character (or tragic flaw).The spectacle of a good man dragged to destruction by a single error arouses in the audience both pity and fear, leading to the catharsis, a psychological state through which those emotions are purged; the audience leaves the theater relieved, or even exalted, rather than depressed. Characteristics An Aristotelian tragic hero must have four characteristics: 1. Nobleness (of a noble birth)Read MoreWhy Are Things Are The Way They Are By Daniel Quinn1482 Words   |  6 Pagesblind to the truth in Sophocles play The Oedipus cycle. Oedipus and his wife/mother were blind to their fate, both tried to change their fate because of the prophecies they were told. Oedipus left his parents, Jocasta and king Laius sent their son to get killed but it all turned back on them, all the prophecies came true. Oedipus’ and Jocasta’s own ignorance did not let them see the truth about their life, leading them to their own destruction. Like Oedipus, the taker culture are leading themselvesRead MoreThe Theme Of Light And Darkness In Oedipus1293 Words   |  6 PagesMy new question is, was Oedipus blind before he saw the truth or after? When finally accepting the truth the blind prophet mentioned, Oedipus blinds himself because the truth is darkness. When he had his sight, he was blinded by ignorance, and to see the truth was to see the horro rs he had committed that caused himself to be blinded both before he saw the truth and after. I suppose in this way, Oedipus is blind throughout the entirety of the play. The theme of light and darkness is relevant beyondRead MoreMyths And Myths Of The Greek World973 Words   |  4 Pagesare many psychological reasons as to why myths were told; myths were thought to be a reflection of what humans thought, a collective conscious and even psychical manifestations of the human being (Vandiver. E, 2000). Sigmund Freud is famous for his interpretation of Sophocles’ treatment of Oedipus King. Many critics thought that this myth is composed as it has a direct connection with fate and free will (Vandiver. E, 2000). Freud, however, disagreed and developed the theory of the Oedipus ComplexRead MoreThe Superego and Hamlet Essays1435 Words   |  6 PagesAlternatives: Eros and Superego Revenge in Hamlet, the author, Joanna Montgomery Byles, focuses on the psychological origins of revenge in Hamlet. Also the concept of the superego, both individual and cultural are brought up; and the importance of understanding the dynamics of aggressive destruction in Shakespeare’s tragedies involving revenge. The Freudian superego is usually thought of as heir to the Oedipus complex. In Hamlet himself, hate and destructiveness are consuming passions; the deep movementRead MoreGreek Myths : More Than Just Shock And Entertain983 Words   |  4 Pagesare many psychological reasons as to why myths were told; myths were thought to be a reflection of what humans thought, a collective conscious and even psychical manifestations of the human being (Vandiver. E, 2000). Sigmund Freud is famous for his interpretation of Sophocles’ treatment of Oedipus King. Many critics thought that this myth is composed as it has a direct connection with fate and free will (Vandiver. E, 2000). Freud, however, disagreed and developed the theory of the Oedipus ComplexRead MoreA Practical And Solution Focused Therapy987 Words   |  4 Pagespeople become aware of when they make negative interpretations, and of behavioral patterns which reinforce the distorted thinking. Cognitive therapy helps people to develop alternative ways of thinking and behaving which aims to reduce their psychological distress. Psychoanalytic or psychodynamic psychotherapy draws on theories and practices of analytical psychology and psychoanalysis. It is a therapeutic process which helps patients understand and resolve their problems by increasing awarenessRead Moreâ€Å"Aristotle’s Definition of the Tragic Hero and Irony in Tragedy† Oedipus Rex, Othello, and Death of a Salesman3217 Words   |  13 Pagesnot. Oedipus Rex, Othello, and Death of a Salesman are three tragic and relatively prominent plays, all written in different time periods, which can be examined comparatively with Aristotle’s philosophy of the tragic hero and may draw certain parallel to one another by means of dramatic irony. Oedipus Rex, written in approx. 428 B.C., quite literally is the embodiment of Aristotle’s explanation of the tragic hero. It is also to be noted that Aristotle himself often exemplified Oedipus in hisRead MoreGreek vs. Roman Theatre Essay3174 Words   |  13 Pagestheir predecessors or based off mythological events. Unfortunately, this had lead to many speculative accusations and criticisms, as is the case with Senecan tragedies versus their Greek counterparts. Senecan and Greek interpretations of the plays Oedipus, Agamemnon, and Medea bear similar themes, being the inescapability of fate and dikà ª, and the lack of clarity between right and wrong. Nevertheless, they differ culturally, politically, and philosophically due to the differences in society as well

Themes of Romeo and Juliet Free Essays

Themes of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† Love as a Cause of Violence The themes of death and violence permeate Romeo and Juliet, and they are always connected to passion, whether that passion is love or hate. The connection between hate, violence, and death seems obvious. But the connection between love and violence requires further investigation. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes of Romeo and Juliet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Love, in Romeo and Juliet, is a grand passion, and as such it is blinding; it can overwhelm a person as powerfully and completely as hate can. The passionate love between Romeo and Juliet is linked from the moment f its inception with death: Tybalt notices that Romeo has crashed the feast and determines to kill him Just as Romeo catches sight of Juliet and falls instantly in love with her. From that point on, love seems to push the lovers closer to love and violence, not farther from it. Romeo and Juliet are plagued with thoughts of suicide, and a willingness to experience it: in Act 3, scene 3, Romeo brandishes a knife in Friar Lawrence’s cell and threatens to kill himself after he has been banished from Verona and his love. Juliet also pulls a knife in order to take her own life in Friar Lawrence’s resence Just three scenes later. After Capulet decides that Juliet will marry Paris, Juliet says, â€Å"If all else fail, myself have power to die† This theme continues until its inevitable conclusion: double suicide. This tragic choice is the highest, most potent expression of love that Romeo and Juliet can make. It is only through death that they can preserve their love, and their love is so profound that they are willing to end their lives in its defence. In the play, love emerges as an amoral thing, leading as much to destruction as to happiness. But in its extreme passion, the love that Romeo and Juliet experience also appears so exquisitely beautiful that few would want, or be able, to resist its power. Fate From the beginning, we know that the story of Romeo and Juliet will end in tragedy. We also know that their tragic ends will not result from their own personal defects but from fate, which has marked them for sorrow. Emphasizing fate’s control over their destinies, the Prologue tells us these â€Å"star-crossed lovers'† relationship is deathmarked. In Act l, Scene it, as Lord Capulet’s servant is searching for someone ho can read the guest list to him, Benvolio and Romeo enters Completely by chance, Capulet’s servant meets Romeo and Benvolio, wondering if they know how to read. This accidental meeting emphasizes the importance of fate in the play. Romeo claims it is his â€Å"fortune† to read † indeed, â€Å"fortune† or chance has led Capulet’s servant to him † and this scene prepares us for the tragic inevitability of the play. The lovers will be punished not because of flaws within their personalities but because fate is against them. Ironically, the servant invites Romeo to the Capulet’s house, as long as e is not a Montague, to â€Å"crush a cup of wine. † Only fate could manufacture this unlikely meeting with Capulet’s illiterate servant, as only fate will allow Romeo to trespass into the Capulet’s domain and meet Juliet. In Romeo and Juliet, death is everywhere. Even before the play shifts in tone after Mercutio’s death, Shakespeare makes several references to death being Juliet’s bridegroom. The threat of violence that pervades the first acts manifests itself in the latter half of the play, when key characters die and the titular lovers approach their terrible end. There are several ways in which the characters in Romeo and Juliet consider death. Romeo attempts suicide in Act Ill as an act of cowardice, but when he seeks out the Apothecary in Act V, it is a sign of strength and solidarity. The Chorus establishes the story’s tragic end at the beginning of the play, which colours the audience’s experience from the start – we know that this youthful, innocent love will end in tragedy. The structure of the play as a tragedy from the beginning makes Romeo and Juliet’s love even more heart breaking because the audience is aware of heir impending deaths. The Journey of the play is the cycle from love to death – and that is what makes Romeo and Julie so lasting and powerful. Age Throughout Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare establishes the ideological divide that often separates youths from adults. The characters in the play can all be categorized as either young, passionate characters or older, more functional characters. The youthful characters are almost exclusively defined by their energy and impulsiveness – like Romeo, Juliet, Mercutio, and Tybalt. Meanwhile, the older characters all view the orld in terms of politics and expediency. The Capulet and Montague patriarchs are certainly feisty competitors, but think in terms of victory as a concept, ignoring the potential emotional toll of their feud. Friar Laurence, who ostensibly represents Romeo and Juliet’s interests, sees their union in terms of its political outcome, while the young lovers are only concerned with satisfying their rapidly beating hearts. While Shakespeare does not posit a moral to the divide between young and old, it appears throughout the play, suggesting that the cynicism that comes with age is one f the many reasons that humans inevitably breed strife amongst themselves. It also implicitly provides a reason for young lovers to seek to separate themselves from an ‘adult’ world of political violence and bartering. Revenge Romeo and Juliet suggests that the desire for revenge is both a natural and a devastating human quality. From the moment that the play spirals towards disaster in Act Ill, most of the terrible events are initiated by revenge. Tybalt seeks out Romeo and kills Mercutio from a half-cooked desire for revenge over Romeo’s attendance at he masquerade ball, and Romeo kills Tybalt to avenge Mercutio. Romeo’s desire for revenge is so overpowering that he does not pause to think about how his attack on Tybalt will compromise his recent marriage to Juliet. Of course, the basic set-up of the play is contingent on a long-standing feud between the Montagues and Capulets, the cause of which no longer matters. All that matters is that these families have continued to avenge forgotten slights for generations. Though Shakespare rarely, if ever, moralizes, Romeo and Juliet certainly presents revenge as a senseless action How to cite Themes of Romeo and Juliet, Papers

Ragtime and Blues Influence on Jazz free essay sample

Ragtime and Blues are similar in that they both were forerunner of Jazz in closely overlapping time period, but those two music styles were different in many ways: the origin of the music, whether Instrumental or vocal, and which musical technician each music genre focused on. Thus both ragtime and blues were critical in Jazz development, but they influenced Jazz in different ways. Again. Most Important similarity between ragtime and blues Is that they both were essential to development of Jazz, and both were the music style of the late sasss.According to Ted Tioga in his book The History of Jazz, Ragtime music rivals the blues In Importance and perhaps surpasses It In Influence- as a predecessor to early jazz (up. 20). On the other hand, Leroy Johns and Miami Bark claim in Blues People: Negro Music in White America, Blues is the parent of all legitimate Jazz(up. 17). People may have different opinions about whether one music style Is more important than the other, but it is undeniable that both ragtime and blues were essential in development of Jazz. It is also true that, even though the types of Influence and the amount may differ. Tooth ragtime and blues had some African influence. Thus the similarity between ragtime and blues is significant but there are numerous differences between the two music styles. First, their origin was different. Even though they both had African influence as mentioned, ragtime was more strongly influenced by European music style, and blues was heavily African music style. According to Dark Sutra In his book Jazz for Dummies, Ragtime was European- influenced, in the sense that it was composed, not improvised, and featured carefully crafted melodies and harmonies Ragtime could sound concisely European (chi. 5).Although European-influenced, there Is some African Influence such as rhythm and African banjo music as mentioned during the lecture. Ragtime rhythm was the withys of the black dancers who used their heels to make drum sounds, or to that that a white Christian could not even recognize it(Trio, up. 37). On the other hand, Blues were basically from work songs of African Americans slaves at the time. It is a native American music, the product of the black man in this country, or, to put it more exactly the way I have come to think about it, blues could not exist if the African captives had not become American captives(up. 7), said Jones and Bark. In Jazz A History, Frank Trio wisely analyzes and explains the relationship between the unique aground and the characteristic of blues. He states, Innuendo and double meanings are important aspects of blues lyrics. This practice may be traced to the pre-abolition period, when slaves needed a system of secret communication while they were still within earshot of their masters. This custom of double-entendre, intentional ambiguity through the use of words with two meanings, which was strong in the African literary tradition as well, was incorporated naturally and smoothly into the lyrics of the blues (up. 8). Thus it is clear that blues is much more of African American music compared to ragtime. Other differences between ragtime and blues seem reasonable knowing their background influences. Ragtime was mostly piano-dominated genre, and many musicians who were trained in European classical music played ragtime. Citing James Haskins in Black Music In America, syncopated kind of piano playing came to be known as ragtime (up. 38), and this was a form that excited Scott Joplin which he also excelled (up. 38). Scott Joplin was one of the most important ragtime composers, and he was also most popular. In 1899, his Maple Leaf Rag was published(up. 39) which is also piano-played music. Thus ragtime was piano dominated, but blues was different. Because blues developed from African American work songs, blues was mainly vocal. Blues people usually sang about unjust, frustrations, and sufferings. Personal feelings are verbalized and serve to call community attention to ones predicament and misfortune (Trio, up. 48). Blues represented voices of people who felt hopeless, and this is also why blues is often sung in lively rhythm; in order to hide the sadness by laughter. One of the most important blues musicians was William Christopher Handy. As a child, he would sneak away to hear the black laborers singing as they worked loading and unloading cargo along the Tennessee River (Haskins, up. 42). W. C. Handy played Georgia Camp which he included some of the black work songs, and it was very successful. Also, He devised a method for notating the way black folk singers slurred, or broke, the third and seventh tones of the musical scale(Haskins, up. 45). These tones W. C. Handy was able to notate were the tones that characterized blues music.The musical style which ragtime and blues contributed to Jazz are also different. The most prominent ragtime influence on Jazz seems to be the syncopation music style. Syncopation was the defining characteristic of the ragtime, and also is essential element of Jazz. In Duke Elongating, Jazz Composer, Ken Rattlebrain states that Ragtimes unique syncopation has developed far beyond mere piano solos, and its range extends vividly and spectacularly from county blues to Jazz(up. 55). Blues also had some syncopation, but more importantly, there was improvisation. Improvisation is a significant element of Jazz.In blues, Stretching syllables improvisational for unpredictable(Trio, up. 4). And although both ragtime and blues had syncopation, Frank Trio mentions that even syncopation was different. Syncopation in blues were improvised(up. 54). Thus it is reasonable to suppose that ragtime influenced Jazz with syncopation, and blues influenced Jazz with improvisation most greatly. Not only with syncopation and improvisation, but ragtime and blues probably helped development of Jazz by taking a first and important step to incorporate African music to European-influenced American music in general.Jazz is a blend of ragtime and blues, European and African American style of music. We can see ragtime and blues as the parents of Jazz. Just as both parents are needed to born a child, ragtime and blues were essential in development of Jazz. Ragtime and Blues are equally important in development of Jazz, but Just like a child learns different things from mother and father, ragtime and blues made different influences to Jazz development. And what is important to remember is that, even though a child learns and receives many characteristics from parents, a child is not simply a mixed combination of parents.

Governance Research And Analysis

Mount Everest essays

Mount Everest essays The speakers words silenced the audience as he began, On the night of May 10, 1996 a blizzard swept over Mount Everest, striking more than thirty mountain climbers with heavy snow, subzero temperatures, and unbelievably strong winds. In the next twenty-four hours, eight of the climbers, including three professional guides were dead. This night would become the most ill fated attempt ever to summit Mount Everest. Among these climbers was a 49-year old Dallas pathologist and an amateur climber, Dr. Beck Weathers, who was left to die in the icy storm 300 yards from his camp. Miraculously, Dr. Weathers survived and came back from his ordeal to speak of his experiences, and to tell us about some valuable lessons he has learned. Lets welcome Dr. Beck Weathers. I watched and listened as this man swayed his disfigured arms and explained that he had scaled the worlds largest heights and yet, still had not been at peace with himself. He had wanted more courageous success, because he had conquered all but the grand Mount Everest. The drive for more accomplishment and the need to be more courageous had persuaded Beck to follow the 1996 expedition. Beck sobbed as he stated that on May 10, 1996, he had realized, as he was near death, that what he had thought to be courageous was truly a relentless pursuit of success and goals and ambitions. He had risked his life in a cowardly and selfish way for his own fortune. Dr. Weathers had found that his irrational triumph of desire over sensibility was the most pathetic feat he was to face. Risking your life, such as mountain climbers do, is not an act of courage because it is backed by low self-esteem and is in pursuit for irrational goals and selfish success. Courage is denoted by Encarta Encyclopedia 96 dictionary as the quality of the mind that enables one to face danger with confidence and resolution. Danger is d...

Diversity in the Workplace Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity in the Workplace - Research Paper Example Some of the repositioning programs used are mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, divestitures and demergers. It helps in running business operations effectively: Efficient strategy management by reorganizing business operations can guarantee a role in corporate market. Disadvantages of Restructuring. It can be a ploy: The biggest disadvantage of the restructuring process is that it can be a ploy of saving the company from bankruptcy or acquired by another firm to leverage the buyout by a private equity firm. Staff Retrenchment: It may result in staff cutting as some business segment is sold to another company. Question 12 Evaluating the effectiveness of Propco’s program for increasing diversity of its work force Propco’s program for increasing diversity of its workforce lacks density of devotion on the part of senior management. Racial discrimination has been institutionalized here. They are not giving enough opportunities to the blacks at higher levels. On the name o f restructuring, maximum number of black workforce is being shown pink slip. The company is not benefitting from the multicultural advantage (Greenberg, 2009). Feelings of the black workforce are highly hurt because being a rich company, it is on the spree of firing staff although it could have found some other way like working with the Governor to settle tax breaks and such other options, which the senior management didn’t Diversity helps in promoting unbiased agreement programs through workplace environment and culture to find ways amid differences. It is about learning from the experiences of others who are not similar but respect for all helps in achieving the benefits of varied outlooks (Cornell University, 2010) but in its desire to become one of the more leaner and flexible organizations, Propco is not keeping on regular duty the interns it provides summer jobs from the minority community colleges. No workforce diversity program can be fruitful if incessant lay-offs ye ar-on-year are made. Although there are regular diversity meetings but no genuine effort seems to be made on recruiting more women and minorities. Blacks are there on the company rolls because of contract obligations with the government. As per the rule performing government function requires it to recruit some blacks in the workforce. That’s why they are there in the company. There is a classic case of not adopting workplace diversity as a policy. A black employee who worked on hourly basis and reached high up the ladder to earn $40,000 a year as manufacturing engineer was demoted as a dispatcher on hourly work basis as soon as his mentor left the company. Although he had an engineering degree, his services were not utilized the right way. In stead adding insult to the injury, he was shown an alternative way which went nowhere other than leaving the job. Question 13 Propco needs to make strenuous efforts in the direction of increasing workplace diversity. It should deinstitu tionalize racial discrimination: Racial discrimination seems to be at the heart of the company’s human resource policy. For that a changeover in the mentality of those who matter the most in the company is must. Until the company changes its policy to promote workplace diversity, all efforts would be just a cover. Real progress will come from genuine efforts, which can be easily brought to the notice of all by recruiting more women and blacks. Prejudiced behavior by the seniors by cracking jokes at

UNDERSTANDING WORK & ORGANISATIONS,Is bureaucracy and scientific Essay

UNDERSTANDING WORK & ORGANISATIONS,Is bureaucracy and scientific management are old fashioned - Essay Example Since the Weberian bureaucratic model tends to incorporate higher forms of formalization and immense standardization of procedures, certain sectors can`t sustain without applying the central ideals proclaimed by the model (Farazmand 2009 p. 61). For instance, the institutions like the military, police or even hospitals still tend to apply weberian rules to the organization since the performance of these institutes would be direly affected in absence of these rote procedures. Therefore, the proposition that the classical model of bureaucracy presented by Max Weber has now gone extinct is a mere exaggeration since most of the ideals of the model are still being applied to orthodox government organizations and even in a few large organizations. However, since innovation and technology also tend to dictate the rules of management in the present century; most of the private organizations and the multinational firm have shifted away from the Weberian model of management where they tend to minimize the role of hierarchy and strict application of rules in favor of employee employment and generation of newer ideas by giving a richer experience at the workplace. However, even in the most advanced and progressive organizations, a few set of rule enacted by Weber`s model of bureaucracy are applied. Therefore, the classical model of bureaucracy, with a few moderations is still applied in a few orthodox organizations whereas the progressive organizations tend to minimize the effect of weberian rules and regulations (Clegg & Harris 2011 p.14). Bureaucracy, as a system of rules and procedures, doesn’t ideally suit the needs of the highly unpredictable and ever-changing market which then dictates the kind of management model an organization undertakes (Selden 1997 p. 19). The contemporary organizations feel that applying bureaucratic model would equate welcoming red-tapism and alienations amongst the personnel of

Research Proposal (Political Psychology) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Research Proposal (Political Psychology) - Essay Example This research project intends to analyze the failed diplomacy efforts of former UN Weapons Inspector Hanz Blix that precipitated the excessive levels of distortion surrounding his official testimony and related exchanges that took place after 9/11. To that end, political psychology can help to demystify these failed efforts at international diplomacy demonstrated in his efforts to diffuse an extremely tense and volatile international crisis. Although Blix fulfilled his ideologically-neutral role as a UN Weapons Inspector throughout the debacle, his middle road diplomatic style can be summarized, in retrospect, as an unmitigated disaster. In the shadow of an imminent invasion of Iraq by the US, neither US nor EU hegemonic superpowers scrutinizing his inspection efforts were satisfied with his reports. To explore these failed diplomatic efforts, the current research project intends to compare and contrast the historical and psychological forces at play that wedged Blix between two disp arate styles of international superpower diplomacy in operation at the time of his analysis, discuss the possible justifications for his middle road approach that failed to diffuse these tense international interactions, and describe how his inability to directly negotiate or otherwise influence US or EU officials exacerbated his failed diplomacy; all factors of failed diplomacy expediting the subsequent invasion of Iraq. The working hypothesis therefore, suggests that both the US and the EU have very different styles of diplomacy, that as an allegedly neutral operative of a neutral international peace-keeping committee associated with the United Nations he was prohibited from formally demonstrating an orientation toward either a US or the EU diplomatic style, and that in his desire to objectively and rationally approach the question of WMD in Iraq, he chose the middle road diplomacy approach which failed to endear his team to either US officials

Why Is Indian Currency Falling Economics Essay

Why Is Indian Currency Falling Economics Essay The value of Indian currency has weakened over the last 15 years. The Indian rupee fell 0.7 per cent against the US dollar at 55.71 on the back of a weak trade data. The Indian rupee has shed close to 25 per cent value over the past one year.  It is likely to fall further.   1) Exports falling: One of the main reasons for Indian currency falling is the exports falling which leads to trade deficit. The demand for US$ goes up with the increase in trade deficit. Indias trade deficit increased to $ 15.5bn in July 2012 which is significantly higher than $ 10.3bn reported in June 2012. The trade deficit occurs when a country imports more goods and services than exports.   2) Current account deficit could rise: India is not being able to achieve the export target of $ 350bn. Due to this; Indias current account deficit could be higher than expected. This occurs when import of goods and services is higher than their exports. A higher current account deficit contributes to weaken the currency.   3) Dependence on foreign flows: In order to finance the current account deficit India needs strong foreign capital. However, the probability of allocating more money by the foreign invertors to India is poor. Therefore, India requires reforms to reduce deficits and to boost up the growth in infrastructure through investment.   4) Fiscal deficit: A fiscal deficit occurs when governments expenditure exceeds the earning through taxes and other sources of income. The government borrowing from the Reserve Bank of India shows the fiscal deficit. It is important for countries to keep it under control. A large fiscal deficit forces central banks to print more money and stoke inflation which decreases the value of money.   5) Growth slows: To sustain the high expenses and boost exports, India needs a strong growth rate. However, the balance of payment is not positive. It is expected that India will grow at less than 6 per cent in 2012-13 and at the same time, a weak monsoon could again increase the food price. This leads to inflation. Appreciation and depreciation for Indian currency: Rupee is the Indian currency. Just like any commodity the Rupee also has a price which keeps fluctuating. The US Dollar being universal currency, all prices of currencies are generally expressed in Dollars. Hence in case of the Rupee, its price at any point in time maybe say, Rs.45/$. With the change of the indicators the value of the rupee as per the dollar changes. When value of Indian currency increases i.e. say Rs.40/$ it is said to have Appreciated (Value) in the reverse case say Rs.50/$ then the Rupee Depreciates (Value). Rupee changes values for a range of reasons, like if US performs very well then people will demand more US dollars, exchanging their rupee. This Demand will raise the price of the US dollar and hence depreciate the Indian Rupee .For e.g.:   Let us assume that in case, you go to a bank and asks the bank that you intend to buy US$100, please tell me what is the amount of INR you have to pay.  Ã‚   Bank informs you that you need to pay Rs 5410/-.   This means you can buy US$ @ Rs.54.10 per dollar.  Ã‚   This is the selling rate of the said bank for US $ for that day. Now after one month, you go to bank and again ask the bank that you wish to buy US$ 100, and bank tells you that this time you have to pay Rs.5490.   This means you have pay more to receive the same amount of US $.  Ã‚   This means the local currency has depreciated. This will be known as Depreciation of Indian Rupee.   In the above example, it is clear that value of INR has gone when compared to US$. On the other hand, if the rate quoted by bank on second occasion is say Rs. 5380/-.  Ã‚   It will be considered as appreciation of INR as this time you have to pay less amount to buy the same amount of US$. How weakening rupee against dollar impact India? The Weakening rupee against the US dollar makes the imports, overseas travel and studies at foreign universities more expensive. The sharp fall of Indian currency against the US dollar rises the price of edible oil, petroleum products, fuels and white good. White goods and phone maker are considering a 2-10% increase in prices. But weakening the rupee against dollar is cheering exporters and families that depend on remittances. Some of the impacts of weakening rupee against dollar in India are as follows: More rupees for dollars remitted. Exporters get more rupees against dollars. As foreigners will have to pay fewer dollars for vacationing in India tourism may get little hike. Students wanting to study abroad will have to pay higher fee and living charges in rupee terms. More rupee would be needed to fund foreign education. Travelling overseas get more expensive as one has to shell out more rupees for the same amount of dollars. One would have to keep more rupees on hand to purchase dollars to fund foreign travel. Imports to get costlier. Companies will have to pay more for repaying foreign debt. The price of oil, petrol, diesel and fuel will go up substantially. The LPG could also become high. As the result of price hike of fuel, the transportation cost will also go up and the increase in the transportation cost leads to rise on the price of the goods causing higher inflation. Higher oil import bill could put greater strain on government finances, given clamor for higher subsidies. Electronic goods which depend on imports and royalty become more expensive. NRI and exporters would be happy and can be expected to remit more dollars as they would get a higher price. Companies like IT software, Pharmacy and BPO would gain from the dollars that they earn by providing goods and service abroad. How far will it fall? Currently $1=53.58 but the experts have predicted that it may hit 55 in 2013(this year) given the weak fundamentals of the economy. RUPEE APPRECIATION IN RELATION TO DOLLAR: The appreciation of rupee affects the whole economy. Appreciation occurs because of the inflow of dollar and the rupee is pushed higher be exporters selling pressure. Another reason for appreciation of rupees is increase in flow of funds through foreign institutional investors. The appreciating rupees also affect various sectors of economy both positively and negatively. RUPEE APPRECIATION IN RELATION TO DOLLAR AS A BOON  Ã‚ ® By the appreciation of the rupee, importers are benefited the most. They have to pay fewer rupees in terms of dollars i.e. more dollar denominated goods can be purchased from lesser amount of rupee.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Energy(oil, fuel, petrol, diesel, etc) dependent sectors will benefit more comparing to others since import cost will decrease.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   The profit margin of the companies importing the raw materials from the foreign market to produce the goods having domestic demand will increase.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The cost of machineries and equipment that are imported will be lesser which benefits the capital goods sectors.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  It is also a good sign for governments financial health because in the long run a stronger rupee would be sound for the Indian economy and will bring Indias purchasing power at par with other currencies.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Appreciation of rupee also benefits the oil marketing companies like BPCL, HPCL, and IOC which purchases crude oil from abroad.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   rupee appreciation is a good sign for any currency. In a long run the rupee may gain more value as currency due to strengthening the rupee value in the foreign exchange marker. â‚ ¬Ã‚   RUPEE DEPRECIATION IN RELATION TO DOLLAR Since the independence till today rupee is continuously depreciating. It had reached the level of 53.58 in February 2013. However service export and NRI remittance witnessed solid which resulted in current account surplus and a turnaround for the country running in trade deficits in the past. Gradual depreciation of the rupee contributes to substitute direct export subsidy. Lower rupee benefits exporter as the exporter can lower the price and sell in the foreign market. RUPEE DEPRECIATION IN RELATION TO DOLLAR AS A BOON  Ã‚ ® Rupee depreciation can attract overseas buyers which helps the exports to grow faster.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Rupee depreciation can increase export which also increases the export competitiveness that helps the economy to grow. It becomes easier for the exporters to survive in the foreign market as they can lower the price to increase sales volume.  Ã‚ ®Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Indias foreign structure also support weak rupee since it includes leather, textiles, gems and jeweler and most of the manufacturers and exporters are medium and small sized who are operating on low margins and they can not absorb currency risks but weak rupee can allow them to sell their product at lower price.  Ã‚ ®About two-thirds of Indias IT revenue is in terms of dollar. So for the IT companies, the weakening rupees means an increase in the operating profits as they will receive more rupees for each dollar earned.  Ã‚ ®The export of textile business with lower profit margins will go up with the depreciating rupee which directly benefits the textile industries  Ã‚ ®Depreciating rupee is like an invitation to commodity sector. US being the largest importer, majority of the Indian commodity exports are dollar denominated. The metal companies especially the iron-ore exporters would be benefited as they will have gains accruing from lower global commodities prices on account of rising dollar. RUPEE DEPRECIATION IN RELATION TO DOLLAR AS A BANE  Ã‚ ®Importers are the biggest losers from the depreciation of the rupee as they have to pay more rupees in terms of dollars i.e. less dollar denominated goods has to be purchased by paying higher amount of rupee.  Ã‚ ® The cost of import will increase which also increases of oil, fuel, petroleum products etc.  Ã‚ ®The profit margin of the companies importing the raw materials from the foreign market to produce the goods having domestic demand will decline.  Ã‚ ® As large number of machineries and equipments are imported in the capital goods sectors it is not beneficial for such sectors.  Ã‚ ® A weaker rupee means weaker Indias purchasing power as compare with other currencies. This affects the financial condition of the government and the country in the long run.  Ã‚ ®Oil marketing companies like BPCL, HPCL, and IOC which import crude oil will have to pay higher import bill with the fall in rupee which will adversely affect the oil market.  Ã‚ ®Telecom companies like AIRTEL, Idea with huge requirement for import capital expenditure stand to lose from a fall in the rupee value.  Ã‚ ® Depreciation is not a good sign for any currency. In a long run the rupee may lose its value as currency due to weakening the rupee value in the foreign exchange marker.

Toni Morrison Essay examples -- essays research papers

Toni Morrison The issue of abandonment and the will that it takes to survive the hardship of it is a reoccurring theme in Toni Morrison’s writing. Tar Baby, Sula and Paradise all deal with the issue of abandonment and how it relates to the characters in her stories. â€Å"Through her fiction, Toni Morrison intends to present problems, not their answers† (Moon). Her stated aim is to show "how to survive whole in a world where we are all of us, in some measure, victims of something." (Morrison) Morrison's broad vision extends beyond the individual to one that explores self-discovery in relation to a "shared history." In order to dramatize the destructive effects of this kind of dependency, she intentionally exaggerates to find the limits. In a film interview, Morrison has stated, "I suppose that in many of my novels I tend to discuss one's dependency on the world for identification, self-value, feelings of worth. The abandonment that it takes for one to gain th ese qualities is prominent in my writing.† Toni Morrison has been consistently insightful and helpful critic of her work. With regard to her novels, she has indicated that her plan was to take love and the effects of its scarcity in the world as her major themes, concentrating on the interior lives of her characters, especially those of an enclosed community. Born Chloe Anthony Wofford, on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio. The daughter of George Wofford, a shipyard welder, and his wife Ramah, Morrison was schooled by her parents in the richness of her African-American heritage and the joys of great literature. When she entered first grade, she was the only black student in her class and also the only child who had already learned to read. Since many people couldn't pronounce her first name correctly, she changed it to Toni, a shortened writing". version of her middle name. She joined a repertory company, the Howard University Players, with whom she made several tours of the South. She saw firsthand the life of the blacks there, the life her parents had escaped by moving north. After graduating, Toni was offered a job at Texas Southern University in Houston, where she taught introductory English. Unlike Howard University, where black culture was neglected or minimized, at Texas Southern they celebrated black heritage with Negro hist ory week and introduced to her the idea of b... ... of her birth, to marry, to raise a family, to become a pillar of the tightly knit black community. The other, Sula Peace, rejects all that Nel has accepted. She escapes to college, submerges herself in city life, and when she returns to her roots, it is as a rebel, a mocker, a wanton sexual seductress.†(Back Cover) The relationship between the young women throughout a certain portion of their lives was put on hold due to the distance between them. Sula chose to move away from Ohio when she was young and therefore somewhat abandoned the life that the two girls had in previous years. When reunited with Sula, Nel expresses her thoughts on the abandonment of herself by her friend: â€Å"[Sula] said doing anything forever and ever was hell. Nel didn't understand it then, but now in the bathroom, trying to feel, she thought . . . "Sula was wrong. Hell ain't things lasting forever. Hell is change." Not only did men leave and children grow up and die, but even that misery didn't last. One day she wouldn't even have that. This very grief that had twisted her into a curve on the floor and flayed her would be gone. She would lose that too†. (Morrsion, 108)

Troy Movie Notes

Troy= the movie(post classical depiction) * Troy is the most powerful alliance against the Greeks * Agamemnon wants ‘the world’ all the land * Achilles has disappeared from the army. A boy goes to find him, * Achilles mother is goddess as can’t be killed (Contemp) * Nester persueds Achilles to fight the big guy because of Time. He can’t stand to lose his pride * Achilles, son of Paris * Achilles kills the big guy with one stab * There is a huge feast , thrown by Agamemnon and Helen, to drink to peace, between troy and Sparta * Helen and Paris are lovers behind Menelaus’s back.Hektor goes to see what they are doing. * Helen is afraid to wear the necklace because she is afraid that she will be caught and Paris will be killed or shipped away. Before she met him, she was a ghost. * Agamemnon commands all the Greek forces to fight. * Hektor warns paris not to endanger Troy * Paris kidnapped Helen. Hektor is upset. He talks about his father’s love ( Paris and Helen were already in love with each other, the Gods didn’t give Helen to Paris) * Menelaus wants to kill Helen. â€Å"The Trojans spat in my eye† * He asks Agamemnon to go to war with him. He said yes. Menelaus is very angry and calls to sail after the Trojans * â€Å"If troy falls, I control everything†- Agamemnon. They need Achilles * Nestor said that â€Å"you don’t need to control him, you need to release him. † About Achilles * Achilles is like a secret weapon to the Trojans * Odysseus is in Greece. Agamemnon needs to ask him something. There is a difference to the PCD about how Odysseus is involved in the war * Achilles and Patrokolas are cousins * Achilles doesn’t want to fight for Agamemnon. Odysseus wants him to fight for Greece * Achilles talks to his mother. She thinks that he should fight.She wants his name to become TIME and KLEOS, if he fights â€Å"Your glory walks hand in hand with your doom† * He travels to Troy with the Greeks * Paris and Helen get married in Troy. Hektor and Paris are greeted by their father, Priam in Troy * Hektors wife is Andromache * Briseis is Paris and Hektors cousin * Hektor doesn’t want to see his country fall because of his brother’s selfishness. * Priam has worked 30 years for peace and he will still fight many wars if it means that Paris can be happy. * â€Å"Everything is in the will and hands of the Gods† Priam * Helen- â€Å"Sparta was never my home† * Priam prays to the Gods Hektor cares a lot about family. Everyone is preparing for war- the Trojans. Everyone gives offerings to the Gods * Hektor is incharge of the army * â€Å"honor the gods, love your woman and fight for your country† Hektor * . you know what is beyond that beach. Immortality, take its yours,† Achilles * Give him too many battles and the men will forget who is king. †- Agamemnon * They retreat back to the city and Achilles orders everyone to steal from the Trojans temple * He cuts off the head of the statue of Apollo at the Trojans temple. * Achilles sneaks inside the temple, and the Trojans follow him but they get ambushed.Their temple is destroyed * Achilles fights for him honor, hector fights for his country. â€Å"Why kill you now, prince of Troy when there is no one here to see you fall†- Achilles. He wants people to see it because killing a prince will give him great honor, fame and Time and Kleos * You speak of war as if it is a games, but how many wives for you think will be pained with the loss of their men†- hector * Agamemnon is worried that the thought of power will get to Achilles head and everyone will forget that he is their leader * They kidnap Brisis and give him to Achilles I want what all men want, i just want more† Achilles * Everyone is presenting gifts to Agamemnon even though he didn’t fight. * Young men dying and old men talking. You know to keep out of the politicsà ¢â‚¬ -Odysseus * You came here because you want your name to last the ages† Agamemnon * History remembers kings not soldiers† Agamemnon * Agamemnon takes Brisis for his own. Achilles gets very angry * They want a war, we will give them a war. * The Trojans are buring on the fire because of one youthful desire† * Paris and menlaus fight for Helen Helen tries to run away but hektor finds her. â€Å"Their husbands died because I’m here†-helen * This is about power not love†- hektor * Achilles smashes up his tent * I will stay until Agamemnon groans to have Achilles back†- Achilles * I blame you for nothing, everything is in the hands of the Gods. †- Priam * The Trojans seem very out numbered * The agreement between Agamemnon and Achilles didn’t happen on the second day like in the movie, it happened in the tenth year of the Iliad * The fight takes place in book three of the Iliad â€Å"I see 50,000 men bought here to fight for one man’s greed†- Hektor * I didn’t come here for your wife, I came here for troy† Agamemnon â€Å"I came here for my honour† –menelaus * In the Iliad, Paris was a man before Achilles was born because he got Helen at Theitis and Priams Wedding- Achilles parents. * There was a crow crowing before paris went to fight Menelaus * Because Paris didn’t fight, the Greeks attack the Trojans. Hektor kills MenelausHektor fights with Ajax. He takes a while to die because he is god-like. This happens in book 7 * Menelaus doesn’t die in the Iliad, neither does Ajax.Ajax committees suicide. Menelaus takes Helen back to Sparta in the Iliad * Odysseus and Achilles seem to have a better understanding about the practicalities of war unlike Agamemnon * Odysseus warms Agamemnon about retreating. * The first 8 books of the Iliad have been. * Agamemnon promises Menelaus that he will bring Troy to the ground * â€Å"Hetkor fights for his country, Achi lles fights for his pride† Agamemnon * The Greeks are about to burn Brisis, Achilles prize but Achilles rescues her. * Achilles develops a protective relationship with Brisis. â€Å"Gods envy us because we are mortal† Achilles * Brisis tries to kill Achilles but they end up sleeping with each other. If she wasn’t willing she would have had stabbed him. * It wasn’t until book ? that Achilles got Brisis back. Brisis is the cousin of Hekor in the movie and in the Iliad she isn’t royalty. * Achilles tells Odysseus to start loading the ship because they are going home. * â€Å"the world seems simple to you, but when you are king, there are very few choices which are simple† –Odysseus * â€Å"Sometimes you have to serve in order to lead†- Odysseus * Patricolus is very upset with Achilles. You betray all these men just to see Agamemnon lose†- Particolus * The gods favour our calls. Now it is time to destroy a weak army†- Pr iest * â€Å"Yesterday the Greeks underestimated us, we should not return the favour†- Hektor * Hektor thinks that attacking the Greeks is a mistake * The Greeks are packing up their ships and returning * Brisis and Achilles have developed a loving relationship. She wants him to stay but he is leaving. * The Trojans attack the Greeks with fire arrow s and they are caught of guard. Around book 15-16. The Greeks attack back.They send down balls of straw and stick with catch on fire from the fire arrows. They cause lots of destruction. They Greeks are outnumbered and off guard. * Odysseus seems scared and worried. * Menelaus doesn’t die in the Iliad but dies in the movie. Due to the relationship with Menelaus, Helen (in the movie) is seen as a Romeo and Juliet relationship due to the fact that the audience will understand this because Menelaus is portrayed as evil and bad * Time is no longer heroic. Giving the gifts to Agamemnon because he won the war is wrong because he didn’t fight and win the war. Patroclus pretends to be Achilles and Hektor believes him. He kills patroclus and everyone is quiet. They all now that Achilles is going to be very angry at this. * Patroclus wore his armor. Achilles didn’t know that Patroclus fought for him. In the Iliad, Achilles told him to fight for him. * Hektor knows that Achilles is going to come after him and so he tells his wife to save people. * Agamemnon â€Å"This boy has just save this war for us† about Patroclus’s death * Achilles agrees to fight again * All of Troy is deserted Achilles travels to the gates of troy to find Hektor * Hektor says good bye to his family because he knows that he has angred Achiiles. * Achilles stabs Hektor twice and then drags his body around the castle walls which his family is distraught over. His father collapses. He drags his body back to the greek camp. Briseis is distraught and cries. * â€Å"You lost your cousin and I had mine taken away† –Briseis * Priam comes in the night, as a secret. He kisses the hands of Achilles * â€Å"I have done what no other person on earth has done before.I have kissed that hands of the man who killed my son. † –Priam * Book 24 * â€Å"You’ve taken everything from me, my eldest son, my heir to my throne† –Priam * He begs to have Hektor’s body returned, * â€Å"You are still my enemy in the morning. †- Achilles â€Å"you are still my enemy tonight but even enemies can show respect â€Å"- Priam * Achilles cried over Hektor’s body * Achilles wraps him up and returns him * â€Å"He is the best man I have ever fought†¦ We will not fight for 12 days for the funeral† Achilles * He also lets Briseis go with Priam. If I hurt you, I didn’t mean to â€Å" * Achilles to Priam â€Å"you are a far better king than the one leading this army† * The funeral process for Hektor begins. This is the end of the Ilia d. The director continues with the movie * Odysseus watches a man make a horse for his son back home and he thinks about attacking Troy by using a Giant horse. * The anger in the movie is definitely less. * The Trojans go down to the beach and see no ships, dead men and a Giant horse * The priests thinks that it is a gift to the Gods.They think that they should bring it back home. * Paris thinks they should burn it. * They bring it back home to Troy and bring it inside the gates. Everyone is happy and dancing * The dog is a reoccurring theme in the movie. * A Trojan rides around the coast and sees all the Greek ships. He is shot before he has a chance to tell the people of troy. * Inside the Trojan gates, the Greeks are escaping from the Horse and killing everyone in the city. They send a signal to let all of the other Greeks into fight. They urn down houses * Agamemnon yells to let troy burn * Priam is very upset * Hetkors wife takes people down the passage way Hektor showed her. P aris wants to stay and fight. * Achilles is looking for Briseis * Paris is the archer * Odysseus kills nester * The Greeks destroy the temple. * Agamemon kills Priam * Agamemon i s killed suddenly by Briseis. Achilles save her but paris shoots him in the Achilles and in the chest. He dies. Briseis loved him. He still managed to stay alive. Chaos is brought to a standstill. The Greeks, using Troy cremate Achilles. The Trojans who escape find a new home in the mountain. * If they ever tell my story, let them tell that I walked with Giants. Let them stay that I lived in a time of Hetkor, breaker of Horses. Let them stay that I lived in the time of Achilles * There are many differences in the ending. They want to give the viewers a happy ending. Paris is killed before the Trojan horse and Helen went back to Sparta with Menelaus * There is no ‘villain’ in the iliad * Patricolus is older than Achilles in the Iliad but in the movie it is the other way around. Troy Movie Notes Troy, directed by Wolfgang Petersen (2004) is an epic war film based on Homer’s Iliad. In ancient Greece, the passion of two of literature's most notorious lovers, Paris, Prince of Troy (Orlando Bloom) and Helen (Diane Kruger), Queen of Sparta, ignites a war that will devastate a civilization. When Paris spirits Helen away from her husband, King Menelaus (Brendan Gleeson), it is an insult that cannot be suffered.Familial pride dictates that an affront to Menelaus is an affront to his brother Agamemnon (Brian Cox), powerful King of the Mycenaeans, who soon unites all the massive tribes of Greece to steal Helen back from Troy in defense of his brother's honor. In truth, Agamemnon's pursuit of honor is corrupted by his overwhelming greed – he needs to conquer Troy to seize control of the Aegean, thus ensuring the supremacy of his already vast empire. The walled city, under the leadership of King Priamand (Peter O’Toole) defended by mighty Prince Hector (Eric Bana), is a citadel that no army has ever been able to breach.One man alone stands as the key to victory or defeat over Troy – Achilles (Brad Pitt), believed to be the greatest warrior alive. Arrogant, rebellious and seemingly invincible, Achilles has allegiance to nothing and no one, save his own glory. It is his insatiable hunger for eternal renown that leads him to attack the gates of Troy under Agamemnon's banner – but it will be love that ultimately decides his fate. Two worlds will go to war for honor and power. Thousands will fall in pursuit of glory. And for love, a nation will burn to the ground.This was an exciting action packed film, which had plenty of historical accuracies and inaccuracies and for the most part follows Homer’s Iliad. Many similar films in this time period portray the gods as more important and powerful than the humans. In fact, this movie almost completely ignores the gods and instead places the focus on the warriors themselves. I think th e film tries to portray the Trojan War in a manner in which it could have actually happened. Achilles acknowledges that he is not the son of a goddess and is not immortal or invulnerable. The movie basically shows us how a rumor can blossom into a legend unto itself.Achilles' legend becomes immortal. We see that the elders who continually refer to their so-called gods, and they come across as fools. When Hector refers to the fact that Apollo did not strike down Achilles for desecrating the statue. It is obvious that Hector seems to doubt the gods he has been taught to worship. Achilles disrespects the gods by decapitating the statue for the god Apollo, proving that both characters have little respect for the gods. Compared to the Iliad and historical facts the gods were always centered on everything. Throughout time, men have waged war. Some for power, some for glory, some for honor – and some for love.

Animal identification methods Essay Example

Animal identification methods Essay Example Animal identification methods Essay Animal identification methods Essay Two plastic or metal objects with identical but individual numbers than other animals on them are joined through animals ear. The animal gets two identical tags for both ears. To identify individual animals, to record and trace their life since the moment they born to their death. The procedure might cause stress and pain. Possibility to lose tag. Freeze Branding Horses, cattle To brand using the freezing technique the iron is cooled to a temperature of between -160 to -ICC. The branding iron is then pressed onto a shaved patch of skin on the animal. Is manly used by farmers to identify animal ownership. Causes pain and stress. Marking is permanent. Ear punching Mainly Rodents. Could be used on cats and dogs. Using a special punch to produce a small (O,5-mm) notch near the edge of the ear or make a hole in the middle of the ear. Must be disinfected after procedure. To identify rodents. Manly used in laboratories. Causes pain and stress permanent. The microchip Cats, dogs, rabbits, most of the zoo animals, sometimes wild animals and birds. The microchip is implanted under an animals skin, and transmits a unique alphanumerical code when energies by the radio signal generated a scanner. To identify lost pets Or Other animals. To identify and track animals in the wild Can cause stress and pain. Permanent method of identification. Chip might move under the skin. Identification collars Companion animals The collar is placed around the neck and in most cases has small metal tag with animal information. To identify individual animals, helps to find the owners of lost animals and provides key information about the pet. Can be easily lost. Can cause damage to animal or suffocation. Acoustic tag Fish Small tag is inserted in abdominal cavity of the fish. To record fish migration and monitor fish behavior. Can cause infection and stress, in most cases the method is permanent. Ear marking (agriculture) Pigs, goats, sheep, cattle and dear. Using a special punch produce small unique notch near the edge of the ear. To identify ownership or individual animals. Causes pain and stress. Can cause infection. Permanent. Tattooing Farm animals, dogs and cats.

VOICE OF DEMOCRACY essays

VOICE OF DEMOCRACY essays Americas role for the next century will be to stay economically stable. That will be no problem unless something disastrous will happen like another Stock Market crash or Nuclear Holocaust. America in the future also needs to increase peace to every nation in the world. America needs to get rid of all poverty and increase education. To stay economically stable, America needs to keep trade relations and keep wars out of our future. We need to keep the national dept. low and keep all Americans income as high as possible. Another way to be economically stable is to keep American businesses on top of the national competition, mainly in electronics considering it is the electronic age now as well as the future. If we can keep the businesses on top of every international competition then we will keep our economy going. If the Stock Market crashes then we will have to tighten the buckle and get back on track. If there is a Nuclear War then we will have to recover and go on with the way things were. The next century for America holds many nbew opportunitys for peace. America has always played a role as peace makers and always looking for what is right. To increase our space explorations we need to make a joint effor with other countries to make a super space station and hig tech explorations. If we do not increase our peace offerings to placees like Russia and Japan then we will nerver e as high tech as we could be. America has always been known for its low poverty levels, but we still have homeless and uneducated citizens who need help. In the America of the 30th Century we need to help every citizen to make it in the world. Wheather it is to make an education cheaper or more homes for the poor. If we can help every individual then it will help america as a In conclusion, I think America needs to play a more peaceful and loving ...

Professional Writing Sample Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional Writing Sample - Assignment Example This inverted pyramid is the physical representation of an overstaffed company that is weighed down by redundant positions caused by over-staffing. By allowing myself to develop and use staffing solutions as they are applicable to the company I work for, I will be able to ensure that the company will not lose money paying for non-functional or overlapping positions because I will always have the right number of staff members for various work schedules in the company stemming from light, moderate, to heavy work loads. The staffing program of any company will be of the utmost importance in ensuring that the company is never caught under or over-staffed. More importantly, it is important to place the correct people, who have the correct educational background and relevant work experience in the proper positions of authority within the company. By properly staffing the various departments, the company will be able to recruit only the best individuals for the job and pay them their proper wages in order to keep them happy on the job. It is important to look not only into the number of staffers hired by the company during a given season, but also to look at the quality of the people being hired. By staffing the company in this method, in-house promotions can be guaranteed to the most qualified individuals who in turn can take advantage of the cross-training, development, and advanced studies that the company has to offer its ranking employees. In the end, proper staffing will make sure that the company will have a high retention rate and limit the need for constant newcomer training. I am looking forward to continuously building up my career success rate during my employment era. That means that I shall strive towards self fulfillment at all times so that when the time comes for me to retire, I will have left my unmistakable print and

Strategy Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Strategy Implementation - Essay Example Technology and incentives are not aligned because technology deals with production issues, while incentives deal with human resources. Companies can offer reward for good work acts, while enforcing punishment to implement disciplinary action. Incentives can be offered as a way to motivate employees. Monetary incentives motivate employees a lot due to the fact that compensation is the number one motivator of employees. There a different types of control mechanism in organizations. Five types of controls are bureaucratic control, output control, operational control, market control, and culture control. Bureaucratic control is the use of rules, policies, hierarchy of authority, reward systems and other mechanism that influence the behavior of the employees (Barnat). Output control deals with measures of count. For example the number of units produced during a day is an output control. Market control is used to compare companies. An example of a market control is the prices of stocks in the stock market. Operational control is used to measure efficiency. Culture control deals with the organizational culture of the firm. Culture control can have both positive and negative consequences. Control is a much different concept than technology or incentives. Work Cited Page Barnat, R. 2007. â€Å"Bureaucratic Control† 5 May 2011

Multiple Intelligences and its relationship to curriculum development Research Paper

Multiple Intelligences and its relationship to curriculum development - Research Paper Example Similar to machines, MI theory improves learners’ cognitive skills. It motivates learners to ponder about content outside usual limits, and from various points of view. Parents, educators, and community supporters are attracted to the discipline. As learners embark on the course of physical activity and health management, they begin to think about their ties to specific socio-cultural ideals and objectives, government rules and agendas, and community programs (Sternberg & Williams, 1998). Diverse and new cultural, political, and social theories contribute to the scope and importance of health education. This essay has two objectives: (1) to recommend a structure for health education, (2) to provide a brief overview of the theory of multiple intelligences (MI) theory, and (3) to show how MI theory develops teaching practices, curriculum development, and student performance related to the behaviors, competencies, and knowledge related to health management. ... eories of intelligence can offer a neutral basis between the perspective that there is an exclusive mechanism in which minds function and the idea that every mind is distinct (Armstrong, 2000). Obviously, theories are just assumptions; but in trying to understand the workings of the mind and, in particular, the intelligences in classroom, a relevant theory can assist teachers in understanding the unexpected behaviors and attitudes that students show. Practically every facet of classroom life, one way or another, created around what educators would like children to gain knowledge of and become skilled at, and how they perceive they are most likely to achieve it. In traditional classroom settings, desks or armchairs are organized in a row and students sit obediently and silently much of the day. In alternative classroom settings, there are work areas or stations, each assigned for individual forms of activity. From the actual structure of the room, to the contents of homework, to the i ssues raised in class discussions, to the materials given, each step a teacher takes shows, to a certain extent, a thought about learning and intelligence. The Implication of Multiple Intelligence (MI) Theory for Teaching and Curriculum Development The theory of multiple intelligences poses numerous issues for curriculum development and classroom practice. Should educators make an effort to cultivate all forms of intelligences evenly or should they concentrate on determining and enhancing the strengths of children? Should education institutions provide a broader range of courses or should they continue a fixed curriculum and give more diverse means of involving learners in the traditional subjects? It is essential to bear in mind that MI is not a goal as such. If a teacher claims, â€Å"I

The Impact of Slavery on African Society Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Slavery on African Society Essay Slavery has played a strong role in African society from as early as prehistoric times, continuing to the modern era. Early slavery within Africa was a common practice in many societies, and was very central to the country’s economy. Beginning around the 7th century, two groups of non-African slave traders significantly altered the traditional African forms of slavery that had been practiced in the past. Native Africans were now being forced to leave the country to be used as slaves. The two major slave trades, trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic, became central to the organization of Africa and its societies until the modern era. Slavery and the slave trade strongly affected African society, and left long term impacts on the development of the entire continent due to the dehumanization of Africans and the high demand of labor causing the slow decline and dismantling of African states. From the 7th century, extending to the 20th century, Arab Muslims raided areas of West, Central, and East Africa, transporting thousands of Slaves to North Africa, the Middle East and India. The trans-Saharan slave trade increased between the 10th and 15th centuries, as Empires such as Songhai, Ghana, Mali, and Kanem-Bornu evolved south of the Sahara, guiding the slave trade. Over a period of more than a thousand years, the trans-Saharan slave trade directed the movement of over 10 million enslaved men, women, and children. The trans-Saharan slave trade led to the blossom of powerful African states in the inner parts of East Africa, and southern fringes of the Sahara. Although the trans-Saharan slave trade prompted the expansion of slavery within Africa, it was greatly outdone by the large trans-Atlantic trade that followed after the 15th century. The initial group of European slave traders in West Africa were the Portuguese, which was then followed by the British and French. During the 16th and 17th centuries, these three European Colonial Powers initiated the movement of slaves to their growing possessions in the New World. Slaves were sent across the Atlantic Ocean to North, Central, and South America, and the Caribbean Islands to establish and maintain consistent plantation and agriculture. As European desire grew for products including sugar, cotton and rice, the demand for plantation labor also increased. African slave labor was cheap among European standards, leading to the influx of such a large number of African slaves in the New World. European and American slave-traders acquired roughly 12 million slaves from West and west central Africa. People may argue that the practice did not become dehumanizing until white Europeans came along and took slaves to the Americas’. Slavery had existed in Africa as it had in other parts of the world, for centuries, but it was not based on race and it did not result in dehumanization and death, as did transatlantic slavery. This statement is claiming that because the economies of Africa did not depend on slave labor, the number of enslaved people was small until European traders arrived. I am convinced that the African slave trade led to the dehumanization of Africans because it was focused on the legal institution created by law in America, which allowed white American settlers to actually own Africans. This type of slavery was severe and brutal, and also degenerated Africans. The rise of industrialization in America brought the demand for large amounts of labor which Americans took advantage of to gain profit. The only group of Africans benefiting from the trans-Atlantic slave trade was the Elites. These were political members of the ruling class who would capture slaves and take them to markets along the coast. These wealthy slave dealers would use their riches to then identify with other wealthy families through marriage. This created a gap between the prosperous elite, and the struggling lower class. Throughout the continent, slavery had become a major element in African life. As the demand for slaves increased, slave raids became more prevalent, leaving parts of Africa dismantled and unorganized. Other practices such as enslavement as discipline and punishment for crime began to be introduced. Society was constantly changing in reaction to what was happening in slave trade. The slave trades caused political instability, led to much social fragmentation, and resulted in a decline of legal institutions. The countries from which the greatest number of slaves were taken, are the same areas that had the least developed political structures when the slave trades ended. These are the same countries that are the most ethnically fragmented in modern era Africa. These areas include states such as Angola, Chad, Tanzania, and Sierra Leone. When the slave trade came to an end, the African continent was strongly affected. Societies that for many years based their economy on slave labor, and slave trade, had trouble with creating new forms of gaining riches and organizing labor. Upon the ending of slavery and the slave trade in Africa, many governments that once had slaves, still were in desperate need of cheap labor. Due to this demand, African leaders and former slave owners created new methods of forcing Africans to work without pay or for very small amounts of compensation. Slavery has been a significant practice throughout the continent of Africa since pre-historic times. The trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave trades changed the face of slavery in society throughout Africa. The impacts of slavery and the slave trade generated the disruption of the economy resulting in Africa becoming the poorest continent on earth. Slave trades have left Africa very separated, and most importantly underdeveloped and Africans dehumanized. Even though large empires such as Dahomey, Asante, and Benin expanded and prospered because of the slave trade, the successive abolition of the trade led to the fast downfall of all these states. The huge loss of population suppressed economic, social and political advancement. However, the transfer of Africans to the Americas has led to a cultural diversity unseen in world history. Today African Americans play predominant roles in the arts, sports, and music industry of society. Their contribution to and influence on world culture is incomparable.

Properties Of Distributed Systems Information Technology Essay

Properties Of Distributed Systems Information Technology Essay A distributed system consists of multiple autonomous computers that communicate through a computer network. The computers interact with each other in order to achieve a common goal. A computer program that runs in a distributed system is called a distributed program, and distributed programming is the process of writing such programs. Distributed computing also refers to the use of distributed systems to solve computational problems. In distributed computing, a problem is divided into many tasks, each of which is solved by one computer The word distributed in terms such as distributed system, distributed programming, and distributed algorithm originally referred to computer networks where individual computers were physically distributed within some geographical area. The terms are nowadays used in a much wider sense, even referring to autonomous processes that run on the same physical computer and interact with each other by message passing. While there is no single definition of a distributed system, the following defining properties are commonly used: There are several autonomous computational entities, each of which has its own local memory. The entities communicate with each other by message passing. A distributed system may have a common goal, such as solving a large computational problem. Alternatively, each computer may have its own user with individual needs, and the purpose of the distributed system is to coordinate the use of shared resources or provide communication services to the users. Other typical properties of distributed systems include: The system has to tolerate failures in individual computers. The structure of the system (network topology, network latency, number of computers) is not known in advance, the system may consist of different kinds of computers and network links, and the system may change during the execution of a distributed program. Each computer has only a limited, incomplete view of the system. Each computer may know only one part of the input. PROPERTIES OF DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS So far the focus has been on designing a distributed system that solves a given problem. A complementary research problem is studying the properties of a given distributed system. The halting problem is an analogous example from the field of centralised computation: we are given a computer program and the task is to decide whether it halts or runs forever. The halting problem is undecidable in the general case, and naturally understanding the behaviour of a computer network is at least as hard as understanding the behaviour of one computer. However, there are many interesting special cases that are decidable. In particular, it is possible to reason about the behaviour of a network of finite-state machines. One example is telling whether a given network of interacting (asynchronous and non-deterministic) finite-state machines can reach a deadlock. This problem is PSPACE-complete,[39] i.e., it is decidable, but it is not likely that there is an efficient (centralised, parallel or distributed) algorithm that solves the problem in the case of large networks. SECURITY ISSUES IN ADAPTIVE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS In the contemporary society, distributed systems have a significant impact on how communication between social, industrial and governmental institutions is achieved. Dealing with the complexity, heterogeneity and dynamics of distributed systems is absolutely among the main concerns of the software industry. In the Internet era, the distribution of information and services on different sites is a common and dominant scenario. Hence, accessing information and services on remote sites requires high-level of system quality: acceptable response time (at least à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"near real-timeà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ); and security mechanisms. These aspects require inherent adaptation of the system to changes in the environment. In the case of ADSs, the challenge to maintain system quality is even greater. In general, security issues in distributed information systems, whether adaptive or not, is already a serious concern. There are many types of threats, among them those occurring during communication and those in the form of unauthorized attempts to access stored information. Solutions proposed to address these problems in distributed systems may contribute to the implementation of security mechanisms in ADSs. On the other hand, if a token ring is used to achieve mutual exclusion in data communication, then a loss of token might be a result of unauthorized monitoring of the token, which is a direct consequence of the distributed system being adaptive and having monitoring component. Moreover, data resubmission might be requested by authorized parties that couldnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t receive the data. Such a request might also come from malicious intruders that are requesting resubmission of data to get a copy. The kind of environmental changes that can be monitored in ADSs include, but are not limited to, processor and link failures, changes in communication patterns and frequency, changes in failure rates, and changed application requirements. Security metrics indicate the degree to which security goals such as data confidentiality are being met, they propose actions that should be taken to improve the overall security program, and identify the level of risks in not taking a given action and hence provide guidance in prioritizing the actions. They also indicate the effectiveness of various components of a security program. Developing effective security metrics programs has proven to be very challenging. A number of factors have contributed to this collecting the necessary data is difficult and there are no well-established and standardized guidelines. Swanson et al. (2003) identified elements that must be considered in defining effective security metrics, metrics must yield quantifiable information, supporting data must be readily obtainable, only repeatable processes should be considered for measurement, and metrics must enable tracking of performance. Voas et al. (1996) propose a security assessment methodology, called a daptive vulnerability analysis (AVA), which provides a relative measure of software security. The methodology is based on measurement of security weaknesses in terms of predetermined set of threats that are frequently encountered. The resulting metrics may vary with different set of threats and hence the methodology is called adaptive. Its major advantages include, among others, its ability to be customized to application-specific classes of intrusions and the fact that it measures dynamic run-time information. The fact that it is based on a predetermined set of threats is among the major limitations of AVA. Payne (2001) proposes a guideline that should be closely followed in the development a security metrics program. The guideline consists of several steps: clear definition of security goals and objective, decision about what metrics to generate and strategies for generating them; create action plan, and establish a formal program review cycle. Following this guidance enables us to clarify the why, what and how of developing security metrics. In the sequel, we focus on the metrics that should be generated to quantify the level of security threats that could be caused due to monitoring of a target system to achieve the level of adaptation necessary to maintain quality of services. ADAPTIVE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS Distributed systems that can evolve their behaviors based on changes in their environments are known as Adaptive Distributed Systems (ADSs). Adaptation usually takes place on different sites in a distributed system and needs to be coordinated. Adaptive systems monitor and evaluate their environments and can adapt their own behaviors when there is a change in the environment. On the other hand, adaptive behavior is the field of science where the underlying mechanisms of adaptive behavior of animals, software agents, robots and other adaptive systems are investigated into. The results from adaptive behavior research are exploited for building artificially intelligent adaptive systems. In this case, we envision distributed systems within the context of artificially intelligent adaptive systems and we therefore believe that the research progress in adaptive behavior will affect the research in ADSs. That is, monitoring, change detection and behavior adaptation components of an adaptive distributed system will become more intelligent in time. An ADS better knows what is happening in its environment by detecting and evaluating the changes in the environments and adjusting their actions to the changes more intelligently. However, the more intelligent and adaptive a distributed system becomes through its monitoring and other components, the more risky it becomes that the intruders act more severely in a distributed environment if the monitoring component is overtaken by them. In the following paragraphs, we are giving a brief survey on ADSs. Leonhardt et al. (1998) indicate that security is an issue that appears where activity is being tracked, namely by the monitoring system they have proposed. For that reason, in this work, we look into the levels of knowledge a monitoring system might eventually have about its environment while becoming more adaptive, and whether the level of knowledge and the properties of the knowledge being monitored would cause any security issues compared to the distributed systems which are not adaptive. Russello et al. (2005) described how adaptation is done for dynamical replication for managing availability in a shared data space. The idea is that if replication is require d, the middleware should offer mechanisms that would allow the application developer to select from different replication policies that can be subsequently enforced at runtime. There is an adaptation subsystem where the environment conditions are monitored. It is detected when to switch to another replication policy automatically. The execution environment conditions which are monitored are cost of communication latency and bandwidth, especially when external monitoring subsystem is used. Silva et al. (2002) developed a generic framework for the construction of ADSs. The model is composed of three main packages. In the monitoring package, system specific parameters, such as processor utilization, in the various hosts of the distributed system are monitored. This package informs the event detection and notification package whenever values of such parameters change significantly. In addition to this, interceptors as used in the CORBA distributed system standards are inserted into the object invocation path. Each time a client invokes a method of an object, the message corresponding to this invocation is intercepted and later re-dispatched to the target object . Using interceptors, the system can extract useful information from each method invocation storing it in a log file for analysis by the event detection and notification package. On the other hand, dynamic configuration package, depending on the type of the event, executes the appropriate algorithm that defines actions that should be taken in order to adapt the application to the new environment condition. As stated in (Al-Shaer 1998), monitoring system can be used to detect and report security violations such as illegal logins or attempts of unauthorized access to files. On the contrary, we argue that if the monitoring subsystem is overtaken by an intruder, the monitoring system can also be used for causing security violations once an intruder has knowledge about login information and file authorizations to be able to report illegal logins and attempts of unauthorized access to resources.

The Tell Tale Heart Essays -- Poem Poetry Analysis Edgar Allen Poe Sym

In the â€Å"Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, the narrator is extremely uncanny due to the reader’s inability to trust him. Right from the beggining the reader can tell that the narrator is crazy although the narrator does proclaim that he is sane. Since a person cannot trust a crazy person, the narrator himself is unreliable and therefore uncanny. Also as the story progress the narrator falls deeper and deeper into lunacy making him more and more unreliable, until the end of the story where the narrator gives in to his insanity, and the reader loses all ability to believe him. In the first lines of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, the reader can tell that narrator is crazy, however the narrator claims the he is not crazy and is very much sane, because how could a crazy person come up with such a good plan. â€Å"How, then, am I mad? Hearken! And observer how healthily – how calmly I can tell you the whole story,† (Poe 74). The reader can see from this quote that narrator is claiming that he is not insane because he can tell anyone what happened without having a mental breakdown or any other problems that people associate with crazy people. This is the begging of the unreliability of the narrator. Here the reader is merely questioning the amount of details. The narrator then goes on to explain how he didn’t hate the old man but he hated his eye. Upon reading a little bit into the story the reader finds that the narrator likes the old man or rather doesn’t having anything against him, except for his eye. The pale blue eye was the focus point for his rage he hates but not the old man. How can anyone just hate someone’s eye without being mentally unstable? â€Å"I think it was his eye! Yes, it was this! One of his eyes resembled that of a vulture – a... ...o trust him at all. The reader cannot really believe that the narrator could hear the beating of the dead man’s heart. So they think and they might realize that it is one of the police men’s pocket watch, because earlier in the story the narrator describes a beating heart as a pocket watch wrapped in cotton. Now with narrator completely mad and his reader confused and dazed Poe ends his story to leave it filled with suspense. Thought the entire story there is a constant uncanny element, the unreliable narrator, and with it the questioning reader. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, the reader is forced to think whether they should believe the ramblings of a crazy and unreliable narrator or not. This really brings out the uncanny in the story. Works Cited Poe, Edgar Allan. Edgar Allan Poe: The Gold-Bug and Other Tales. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1991.

For the tourist and the foreigner

A Dying Colonialism is a story of how Fanon, during the Algerian Revolution, described how people changed the century-old cultural ways and adopted a certain practice that was designed to destroy the so called â€Å"tyrants† during that time.On the first part of the book, Fanon devoted many pages to the veil and its political importance:â€Å"For the tourist and the foreigner, the veil demarcates both Algerian society and its feminine counterpart.† (A dying colonialism, pg. 35-36)There is a certain complexity of the role of the veil in the Algerian revolution. There have been issues with European bosses trying to put their male Algerian employees on the corner by demanding that they bring their wives to company functions. So the dilemma is that if they agree to do as their bosses wish, they are going against their cultural ruling out against women being on display but if they decline, they would be risking their jobs they risked losing their jobs.† And so, as Fano n has stated,â€Å"The rape of the Algerian woman in the dream of a European†¦is always preceded by a rending of the veil.† (A Dying Colonialism, pg. 45)On the first part of the book, one could see that Fanon emphasized the fact how women are distinguished during those times. The veil distinguishes an Algerian from a foreigner, and was stated in the page of the book below, one could see that Fanon took care in reiterating the fact that there are very clear distinctions on the society during those times.â€Å"In the case of an Algerian man, on the other hand, regional medications can be noted: the fez in urban centers, turbans, and djellabas in the countryside. The masculine garb allows a certain, margin of choice, a modicum of heterogeneity. The woman seen in her white veil unifies the perception that one has of Algerian feminine society. Obviously, what we have here is a uniform which tolerates no modifications, no variant.The haik very clearly demarcates the Algerian colonized society. it is of course possible to remain hesitant before a little girl, but all uncertainty vanishes at the time of puberty. With the veil, the things become well-defined and ordered. The Algerian woman in the eyes of the observer, Is unmistakably â€Å"she who hides behind the veil† (A Dying Colonialism, pg. 36)From the phrases above, one could see that there are certain way accepted way on how people should go about things. And that is what they wanted to change. They wanted to change the image of a traditional woman and they have transformed and defined women in a different light.That was why their political doctrine at that time was that â€Å"If we want to destroy the structure of Algerian society, its capacity for resistance, we must first conquer the women; we must go and find them behind their veil where they hide themselves and in the houses where men keep them out of sight† (pg.38) It was a very striking and very meaningful phrase such that it im plies the power that women have that they think they haven’t explored yet.By finding these women behind their veil, it not only implies letting them know what they really are and should be, but it is also an implication that there are options that are yet to be explored in the governance of a country as rigid as Algeria during those times. If women can be conquered and put to use, there is so much unexpected things that can happen. The mind of a woman is yet to be explored and exploited and by un-inhibiting them from self-expression, the possibilities of changing the Algerian society are infinite.A Dying Colonialism is a story of the liberation and newly discovered power Fanon claims that the Algerian women have struggled for and succeeded through their active involvement in the Algerian. It was also implied in the book that Fanon believed that the recent victory of women for respect and equality held by the prominent women was permanent, an indication of the outlook on †Å"modern,† socialist, revolutionary Algeria.